On Sunday, Haiti's de facto government issued a 72-hour state of emergency and imposed nightly curfews after armed men busted thousands from prison and a gang leader called for the ousting of Prime Minister Ariel Henry.
The Dominican Republic, which shares the island of Hispaniola with Haiti and in 2023 deported tens of thousands of Haitians, said on Monday its defence minister was touring the border to supervise progress on a border fence, while the president ruled out opening refugee camps for Haitians in the country.
Soldiers stand guard at the entrance of the international airport in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. (AP PHOTO)
The violence erupted while Henry was absent. Doubts had risen over Henry's whereabouts after he travelled to Kenya to seal a deal for the African nation to lead an international force to help fight the increasingly powerful gangs.
Heavy gunfire was seen near Port Au Prince's international airport during the day, airport authorities said.
The United States urged its citizens to leave Haiti "as soon as possible." A spokesperson for the US State Department said he believed Henry was returning to Haiti.
Brazil's government called on the international community to implement the United Nations' resolution to send a multinational force to Haiti. Brazil authorities noted in a statement that it had led a United Nations peace mission to Haiti from 2004 to 2017.
Neighbouring Bahamas said it had called embassy staff back to New Providence, leaving just its charge d'affaires and two security attaches, while Mexico said its nationals should limit themselves to essential transit and stock up on water, fuel and non-perishables.
Gangs have warned residents around Port-au-Prince to keep children home, although the Haitian government has stipulated that schools will stay open.
The International Organisation for Migration said that in three days last week around 15,000 people are estimated to have fled gunfire in the capital, many of them from makeshift camps in schools, hospitals and squares to which they had already been displaced.
The UN estimated early this year that some 300,000 people had been forced to abandon their homes, fleeing indiscriminate killings, routine sexual violence, kidnappings and lootings as well-armed rival gangs fought over territory.
The International Rescue Committee said that aid groups it works with had been forced to pause their work, given the security situation.
Haiti's national police is down by more than 3000 officers in the past three years, according to its union, with many calling for stronger protections, better equipment and better pay amid the deadly clashes with gangs armed with assault weapons, believed to be largely trafficked from the US.
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