The match had been scheduled to be played in the Lebanese capital of Beirut but Israel's response to the attack by Hamas on October 7 caused officials to switch Thursday's match to Sharjah.
The whole Palestinian team - who will next play Australia's Socceroos on November 21 in Kuwait - wore traditional keffiyeh, chequered black and white scarves, before the national anthems and there was a minute's silence for those killed in the conflict before kick-off.
Despite starting official training only four days ago, the Palestinians started the game well.
Yet Lebanon captain Hassan Maatouk had the first chance after 12 minutes, with his long-range shot going wide, before Atta Gaber responded for the Palestinians with a header on the half-hour mark that went over.
Karim Darwich missed a good chance for Lebanon three minutes into the second half and Palestine, ranked 94th by FIFA, had a Tamer Seyam shot saved by Lebanon goalkeeper Moustafa Matar.
Lebanon's Ali Al Haj shot into the side netting after 87 minutes before Matar saved Oday Dabbagh's close-range shot with his outstretched leg in the final minute.
With the Socceroos winning the other group match 7-0 against Bangladesh in Melbourne on Thursday, both teams are playing catch-up in the group, already two points behind.
The Palestinians usually host their games at Al-Ram's Faisal Al-Husseini Stadium on the West Bank.
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