Vincent Kompany's Bayern, the only unbeaten team left in the German top flight, have gone six points clear ahead of second-placed RB Leipzig.
"I didn't know I had such a shot in me," Musiala told Sky.
"I have been practising in training trying to shoot from distance and I'm pleased it went in. It is my first goal outside of the box this season and I have to keep working on things."
Leverkusen are fourth, three points further back after a third league draw in a row following Koji Miyoshi's late leveller. It was only a second point of the campaign for bottom side Bochum, who were under the stewardship of veteran coach Dieter Hecking for the first time.
Borussia Dortmund saw captain Emre Can sent off for a studs-up tackle in the first half of a 3-1 loss at Mainz, who won at home for the first time this term as the Black and Yellows' winless Bundesliga run on the road this season continued.
Centre back Can's error in catching Lee Jae Sung's ankle was compounded by Dortmund's injury crisis, which meant midfielder Felix Nmecha had to play emergency centre half back alongside emergency right back Pascal Gross.
Nmecha was then at fault as Lee headed in for Mainz but the South Korean's eventful game continued when he felled Serhou Guirassy in the box and the striker levelled from the spot.
Lee was soon involved in a move smartly finished off by Jonathan Burkardt before the break and Paul Nebel scored in the second half to lift Mainz up to 10th and leave Dortmund seventh after 10 games.
Mid-table Werder Bremen won 2-1 at home against second-bottom Holstein Kiel in a northern derby.
