Boland was brought in as cover earlier this week for the Boxing Day Test at the MCG and just as well with fellow fast bowlers Jhye Richardson and Michael Neser ruled out because of soreness.
Josh Hazelwood was already out as he continues to recover from injury, meaning captain Pat Cummins and Boland are the two inclusions to the Australian XI.
"Jhye and Nes were a little bit sore after Adelaide so we've decided to go with Scotty," said skipper Cummins, who missed the Adelaide Test after being a close contact of a COVID-19 case.
"It's a luxury to have someone like him, fresh and ready to go."
Boland will become the second Australian men's second indigenous Test player after Jason Gillespie.
Australia, who lead the five-match series 2-0, can wrap up the contest with a win at the MCG while a draw will be good enough to retain the urn.
Team: David Warner, Marcus Harris, Marnus Labuschagne, Steve Smith, Travis Head, Cameron Green, Alex Carey (wicketkeeper), Pat Cummins (capt), Mitchell Starc, Nathan Lyon, Scott Boland.
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