The Like A Prayer singer had been due to start her tour in Canada in July before falling ill.
Live Nation has announced rescheduled dates for the North American shows but says several of them have been cancelled due to scheduling conflicts.
The European leg of the tour will begin with four dates in London, before the singer moves on to Copenhagen, Barcelona and other European cities, ending back in the UK for two more concerts in London.
Madonna will start the North American leg of her tour on December 13 in Brooklyn, New York, before she travels to cities including Boston, Toronto and Miami.
The only North American shows which have not been rescheduled are Madonna's performances in Brooklyn on December 13 and 14 and her Washington show on December 18, which have all kept their original dates.
Altogether five North American dates have been cancelled - July 27 in Tulsa, December 22 in Nashville, January 15 in San Francisco, January 18 in Las Vegas, and January 20 in Phoenix.
Live Nation has said that tickets for the previously scheduled shows will be honoured on the new dates.
North American dates for The Celebration Tour were postponed after Madonna's manager Guy Oseary announced she had developed a serious bacterial infection in June, which led to a several-day stay in intensive care.
In July, the singer posted on Instagram and said that she was focusing on "getting stronger" and mentioned the plan was to "reschedule the North American leg of the tour and to begin in October in Europe".
