Victoria entered the final day in South Mackay precariously placed at 7-104 and requiring a further 144 runs to make the Bulls bat again.
Peter Handscomb (43 off 147 balls) and Todd Murphy (40 off 107) moved the scoreboard along to 7-144 in a promising start to Tuesday's action.
But it was disaster from that point as Victoria lost 3-0 in the space of seven balls to lose the match by an innings and 104 runs.
The defeat followed their season-opening loss to Western Australia, when they were crushed by an innings and 53 runs in Perth.
Handscomb is confident his team can turn around their ailing Shield fortunes.
"There's still a lot of cricket to be played," he said.
"If we're changing stuff now after just a short start without playing many games at home, it's not the right way to go about it.
"We've had a good chat. We know what our plans and processes are.
"We know they've worked over the last couple of years. We don't need to be jumping at shadows.
"We'll stay calm, we'll keep doing what we're doing and trusting that process."
Handscomb was the first to fall on Tuesday when he nudged paceman Jack Wildermuth down the leg side and was caught by wicketkeeper Jimmy Peirson.
It was Peirson's fifth catch of the innings.
In the next over, Murphy was left cursing himself after whacking Swepson straight to mid-on.
And it was game over two balls later when Cameron McClure was caught in close after struggling to deal with a sharp-turning Swepson delivery.
BULLS WIN🔥— Queensland Cricket (@qldcricket) Mitch Swepson picks up a five-wicket haul to complete a comprehensive innings-and-104-runs victory over Victoria. #MaroonGrown #SheffieldShield pic.twitter.com/Vb0NQ1ayuGOctober 17, 2023
Queensland opener Matt Renshaw was named man of the match for his knock of 135 in his team's first-innings total of 9-501 declared.
Swepson said his five-wicket haul was a credit to the pressure his teammates had put on Victoria.
"It was nice to get the rewards from the hard work our batters put in," he said.
"Scoring 500 on that wicket was a monster effort from the boys, and backed up by the quicks.
"I got the rewards, but it was a real team effort and everyone chipped in."Â
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