Israel's defence force has declared it has entered a "second phase" of operations against Hamas, which is listed as a terrorist organisation by the Australian government.
Human rights organisations have said civil order was breaking down in Gaza, with thousands of residents in the region breaking into warehouse and distribution centres for food and other items.
Senator Wong said she remained concerned the conflict could spill over into other areas of the Middle East.
"Obviously, if there is spillover, that matters to civilians in the region, it matters to countries of the region. I would also say to Israel it matters to Israeli security," she told ABC Radio on Monday.
"How Israel conducts this war matters, it has a right to defend itself, but the way it does so matters, and we call for the protection of civilian lives."
Penny Wong has expressed concerns about the spillover of the conflict in the Middle East.
Palestinian officials have said Israeli bombing campaigns have left more than 3500 dead and 12,000 wounded, with more than one million displaced.
Civilians in Gaza have no power, water is scarce and the dwindling fuel sources used for emergency generators are running out.
Senator Wong said other nations remained concerned by events in the Middle East.
"I'm certainly deeply concerned as so many people are by the loss of life," she said.
"The destruction and loss of life in Gaza is something that I think the international community is deeply concerned about, just as we were horrified by the brutal terrorist attack of Hamas and the continuing holding of hostages."
The foreign minister said 88 Australians remained in Gaza but had no way of exiting the region, with humanitarian corridors being blocked.
"We're in the same situation, very sadly, that every other nation with foreign nationals is with in terms of foreign nationals in Gaza," she said.
"Unfortunately, despite the best efforts of this government by the Americans and many others, that crossing has not yet been opened."
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