The logjam was broken when the Republican-controlled House of Representatives unanimously passed a Senate-approved bill that conservatives had refused to consider over the past month.
The House signed off on the legislation as officials warned that current funding was about to run dry, threatening chaos at airports and posing potential vulnerabilities to national security. It represented a victory for Trump and Senate Majority Leader John Thune, who had pressed House Republicans to pass the bill without modifications.
The legislation, which the Senate passed unanimously twice on March 27 and April 2, will fund DHS agencies that are not involved in Trump's immigration crackdown through September 30, the end of fiscal year 2026.
Those agencies include FEMA, the US Coast Guard and the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency. Calls for action on the broader DHS bill had intensified after Saturday's shooting at the White House Correspondents' Association dinner in Washington, where prosecutors say a man tried to assassinate Trump.
The White House budget office has also warned the homeland security operations affected would be unable to pay workers in May, which begins on Friday.
House Republican hardliners and other conservatives opposed the DHS bill because its language omitted funding for US Immigration and Customs Enforcement and Border Patrol, following the fatal shootings of two US citizens by immigration officers in Minneapolis.
"We threw a fit, and we had to. We held the homeland bill, the underlying funding bill, because we had to ensure that they could not isolate and eliminate those two critical agencies," said House Speaker Mike Johnson, who blamed Democrats for the bill's lack of immigration enforcement funding.
Republican leaders managed to ease those objections on Wednesday by passing a $US70 billion Senate-passed budget blueprint to provide new money for ICE and Border Patrol, which allowed congressional committees to begin writing separate funding legislation for those agencies.
Republicans hope to pass that legislation in May by using a special "budget reconciliation" procedure that allows them to circumvent Democratic opposition in the Senate.
"Now that that box is checked, we are allowed then to proceed and go through with the rest of it," Johnson said.
The two immigration enforcement agencies received over $US130 billion in funding last year through the same procedure - a huge boost that Trump requested to carry out his massive migrant deportation campaign. Funding for most of DHS ran out on February 14, as Democrats pressed Republicans and the White House to accept new constraints on ICE and Border Patrol.
Democrats insisted that immigration enforcement be subject to the same operational rules as police forces across the United States, including a requirement that judicial warrants be obtained before agents can enter private homes. But weeks of negotiations ended in stalemate.
In pressing for House passage this week, Thune, the top Senate Republican, acknowledged the challenge Johnson has faced unifying his fractured 217-212 Republican majority, which delayed consideration of the budget resolution for more than five hours on Wednesday over differences involving separate farm legislation.
